[DOWNLOAD] "Detection of Later Stage Breast Cancer in First Nations Women in Ontario, Canada (2009 STUDENT AWARD Winner) (Report)" by Canadian Journal of Public Health # eBook PDF Kindle ePub Free
eBook details
- Title: Detection of Later Stage Breast Cancer in First Nations Women in Ontario, Canada (2009 STUDENT AWARD Winner) (Report)
- Author : Canadian Journal of Public Health
- Release Date : January 01, 2010
- Genre: Law,Books,Professional & Technical,
- Pages : * pages
- Size : 287 KB
Description
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in Ontario, with an estimated 8,700 cases diagnosed in 2009. (1) The age-standardized incidence rate for breast cancer among Ontario women is 102 per 100,000. (1) While this rate has stabilized across the province, that is not the case for all populations within the province. In fact, while still significantly lower than in the general population, the incidence of breast cancer in Ontario's First Nations (FN) people is increasing, (2) and "survival following a diagnosis is significantly worse" (Dr. Loraine Marrett, April 27, 2009). Little research has been conducted investigating cancer patterns of Indigenous populations (including FN, Metis or Inuit populations) in Canada. When examined, lower incidence and mortality rates for Indigenous compared to non-Indigenous populations are found for all cancers combined and for many specific sites. (2-5) Increasingly, there is a growing literature outside of Canada on breast cancer prognosis comparing Indigenous to non-Indigenous populations within the same geographical area. All of these studies found poorer breast cancer survival among the Indigenous populations. (6-15) Some studies comparing the distribution of stage at diagnosis have found the Indigenous populations were more often diagnosed at a later stage than respective non-Indigenous reference groups, (6,9,10,12,14,15) however others have found no difference in the distribution of breast cancer stage. (7,8,13) Since the leading determinant of breast cancer survival is the stage in which cancer is detected, (16,17) it is important to understand this distribution in a population whose incidence is on the rise. (2) The purpose of this study was to compare the distribution of stage at breast cancer diagnosis between FN and non-FN women, and to investigate factors associated with later diagnosis in FN women.